Building a physics laboratory requires a comprehensive and well-planned approach, following the principle of putting people first. The layout planning of the laboratory needs to be well-prepared and planned. Below are the key recommendations for building a physics laboratory:
1. Laboratory Lighting
The laboratory should utilize natural light and supplementary lighting. Direct sunlight should not hit the laboratory workbenches, and there should be no visible glare indoors. Curtains should be installed to control the lighting.
2. Ventilation Conditions
Natural ventilation and exhaust fans should be used for forced ventilation.
3. Building Requirements
The laboratory building should be constructed using fire-resistant or non-combustible materials. The partitions and ceilings should also take fire protection into account.
4. Flooring
The laboratory floor can be made of terrazzo flooring.
5. Laboratory Doors
The laboratory doors should open outward. Large laboratories should have two exits to facilitate quick evacuation in case of emergencies.
6. Water Supply and Drainage
The water supply should ensure necessary water pressure, quality, and quantity to meet the needs of the equipment. The main valve should be placed in a prominent and easily accessible location for operation.
7. Laboratory Bench
Laboratory benches primarily consist of a tabletop, the supporting frame, and temporary storage cabinets. To facilitate operation, shelves for chemicals may be installed on top of the bench, and sinks may be placed at both ends. The typical width of the bench surface is 750mm, with lengths ranging from 1500mm to 3000mm depending on the room size. The height can range from 800mm to 850mm. The surface of the workbench is commonly made from corrosion-resistant laminated boards, solid core laminated boards, epoxy resin boards, or high-temperature ceramic boards. An ideal tabletop should be flat, resistant to cracking, corrosion from acids, alkalis, and solvents, heat-resistant, and resistant to damage from glassware.
8. Power Supply
The electrical load should be designed with some leeway to accommodate the growing needs of modern teaching equipment. Strong and weak electrical wiring should be installed according to regulations, and dedicated lines for air conditioning should be provided. Additionally, leakage protection, overload protection devices, and reliable grounding protection should be installed.
9. Laboratory Layout Design
The horizontal distance from the front edge of the first row of experimental tables to the blackboard should not be less than 2500mm. The horizontal viewing angle of students sitting at the edges should not be less than 300 degrees. The rear edge of the last row of experimental tables should not be less than 1200mm from the back wall, and the horizontal distance from the blackboard should not exceed 11000mm.
10. Environmental Protection
The materials used for building the laboratory should be eco-friendly and comply with relevant standards and limits, avoiding harmful gases such as formaldehyde, benzene, radon, and radioactive contamination.
