Laboratory Ventilation System and Duct Materials
In laboratory construction and design, the ventilation system is a critical component. It not only relates to the indoor environmental quality but also directly impacts the health and safety of laboratory personnel. Therefore, understanding and selecting the appropriate ventilation duct material is essential for ensuring the safe operation of the laboratory and improving experimental efficiency.
Currently, the commonly used ventilation duct materials in laboratory exhaust systems include inorganic fiberglass ducts, rigid PVC ducts, polypropylene (PP) ducts, and galvanized steel ducts. Each of these materials has its own characteristics, making them suitable for different environments and needs:
1. Inorganic Fiberglass Ducts
Advantages: Known for their strong corrosion resistance and non-combustible properties, inorganic fiberglass ducts are widely used in laboratory exhaust systems.
Disadvantages: Installation can be difficult, and their physical properties are relatively weaker. However, their superior corrosion resistance makes them the preferred choice for systems carrying corrosive gases.
2. Rigid PVC Ducts and Polypropylene (PP) Ducts
Advantages: These materials offer high strength, good flexibility, and excellent chemical resistance, making them cost-effective. They are widely used in laboratory exhaust systems and waste gas treatment industries.
Particularly for PP ducts: They have superior antimicrobial properties and excellent sound insulation, effectively reducing vibration and noise. Their anti-condensation performance also helps minimize the formation of condensate water.
Disadvantages: These materials have poor fire resistance, typically only achieving a flame-retardant level. They require on-site welding during installation, which demands a certain level of technical expertise.
3. Galvanized Steel Ducts
Advantages: Galvanized steel ducts are cost-effective, easy to fabricate, and install, making them widely used in new laboratory air duct installations.
Disadvantages: Galvanized steel is not corrosion-resistant, so its lifespan is affected in humid or corrosive environments.
When choosing ventilation duct materials, it is essential to consider the specific environmental conditions and safety requirements within the laboratory.
The Code for Design of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning for Civil Buildings and other relevant standards clearly specify that non-combustible materials should be used for air conditioning, ventilation, and smoke exhaust systems. For exhaust ducts that will be exposed to corrosive gases, flame-retardant materials are acceptable.
Design Principles for Laboratory Ventilation Systems
- Ensuring the laboratory maintains a negative pressure to prevent harmful gases from escaping.
- Addressing temperature, airflow, and noise issues to create a comfortable working environment.
- Minimizing energy consumption, ensuring system stability, and simplifying operational management.
By selecting appropriate duct materials and adhering to strict design norms and requirements, a safe, efficient, and comfortable laboratory environment can be established. This not only helps protect the health and safety of laboratory personnel but also ensures the accuracy of experimental results and the stability of laboratory equipment.
